Cataracts, caused by protein clumping in the eye's lens, manifest in various types. Age-related cataracts stem from natural aging, while traumatic cataracts result from eye injuries. Radiation exposure can induce radiation cataracts, and pediatric cataracts may be present from birth or develop in childhood. Secondary cataracts arise from diseases like diabetes. Nuclear sclerotic cataracts affect the lens nucleus with age, while cortical cataracts progress from the lens's outer edge. Timely consultation with an ophthalmologist is crucial for effective cataract management.